Carbureter.



PATENTED JUL@` 31, 1906.

W. W. GRANT.

GARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 11. 1905.

MW auw/.nui S narran saires ijATENr OFFICE.

WILLIAM w. GRANT, OF BROOKLYN, NEWYORK.

CARBURETER.

Application filed Apel 11,1905. serial No. ?..951.

To all whom it may colzcer'z: 13e it known that l, WILLIAM W. GRANT, acltizen of the -United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the countyof.Ki-ngs and State provision of apeculiar form of air-valve designedt'o regulatethe feed of air, to throttle the supply when necessary, andof such a structure as to form. a mixing-chamber wherein the air'commingles with the liquid fuel supplied tothe carbureter- The inventionincludes, further, special 4valve means governing the. liquid-fuel inletwhich leads into the mixing-chamber and peculiar connectionswhereby-theair-valve and the-valve means for' the liquid-fuel inlet aresimultaneously operated, whereby operation of the valve means 'aforesaidmay be regulat ed so as to increase or decrease the power of the gas orcharge generated by compounding of the uids mixed in themixing-chainber, enabling the determination of the necessary ratiobetween the quant-ities ofthe-*various ingredients 'compounded within.

For a full .description of the invention and the merits thereof and also.to acquire a knowledge of the details of construction of the means foreffecting the result reference is tobe had to the following descriptionand accompanying-drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a horizontal sectionalview through aocarbureter embodying the invention. Fig. 2 is asideelevation of the invention. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional viewbringing out more clearly the interior-structure of the mechanism,certain parts being illustrated in elevation.

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the followingdescription and indicated in .all the viewsof the drawings by the 'sameably. comprised of a coupling or union admitting of connecting pipestherewith at the inlets and outlets, portions adjacent said in-Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 3l, 1 9061' lets or outlets being threaded for thispurpose. lnpractical use either one of the ports 2, 3, and 4 may lead tothe cylinder or chamber in which the charge carburetedby the device isto be exploded, The construction of the casing 1 forms a central spacewithin the body thereof in which is mounted the' air-valve "5, thelatter being of hollow cylindrical formation, closed at one' end, asshown at 5, and open at its opposite'end. The valve 5 is provided withinlet-ports 6 and 7 leading through the sides thereof, said rports beingadapted to register with the inlets 2 and 3 under various conditions ofservice-in order to regulate the ow of air or fluidof the valve -5 isspanned by a cross-barS,

having a central threaded aperture 9, in

' which is mounted the threaded stein 10 of a movable element and formsa part of the valve means governing the iiow of the frasolene into themixing-chamber, which 1s djesignated at 13, and the valve enters thenozzle at one end thereof in its cooperation therewith in open ing andclosing the gasolene-inlet 14. The nozzle 12 passes throu -h an openingin the closed end 5L of the va ve 5.and'is provided with Va shoulder15near its innermost eX- trernity, between which shoulder and the adjacentclosed end-5'pt ofthe valve 5 is interposed a coil-spring 16. Thecoil-spring 16 cooperates with the nozzle 12 to normally hold the .valvemeans .for gasolene -inlet closed.

Thel

A, sprayer 17 is mounted upon the needleofgauze orforamino'us materialis attached,

l the sprayer having a' central opening through f The gauze body' 19 maybe open at the end which the needle-valve is adapted to passin order toproperly support the sprayer at the discharge end of the nozzle 12. Thesprayer 17i may be readily removed Whenever it is desired, according toworking conditions. The valve 5 is prevented from displacement from thecasing 1 by means of an approximately circular plate 18, which isattached to the upper portion of thecasing by suitable fastenings andwhich partially overlaps the Aclosed end portion of the valve, holdingthe latter securely in the casing or fitting 1 aforesaid. Arranged inthe mixing-chamber 13 .is a cylindrical Vbody 19, of gauze, said bodysnuglyiit'tling in the hollow portion of the valve 5 in such aimanner asto extend across the inlet-ports 6 and 7 and the open end of j 'thevalve through which the carbureted gas may pass to'the engine orexploding chamber.

adjacent the'closed end 5a of the valve for obvious reasons, and sideportions of said body may be cut or divided in 'order thatthe same maybe slipped into the valve and clear the cross-bar 8, which spans theopen end of the mixing-chamber, as before described.

The means for operating the valvemeans 11 and 12 for thegasolene-inletand the actuating means for 'the air-valve constitute anessential feature of this invention. Extending from the closed end ofthe'valve 5 is a short tubular valve-neck 20, about'which is fitted anadjustable ring21, from which extends an' arm 22. The nozzle 12 passesthrough the neck 20, being arranged for-slidable movement with relationthereto. -The ring 21 is secured to the part'20 by means of a set-screw23', which admits of adjustment of the valve 5 within the ring toaposi-4 tion that its service may require. The arm 22 is formed with ring21 and is arranged to be actuated in order to impart movement to thevalve 5 upon inlets 2 and 3.' Arranged above the ring 21 and looselymounted upon the neck 2() is a collar 24, the upper portion of which iscut away to form a plurality of cams 25. The collar 24 is loosely heldin place by means of pins 26, which project from the upper extremity ofthe neck 20 through slots 27 formed in the sides of the collaraforesaid. Attached to the nozzle 12 of the inlet 14 is a sleeve 28,arranged above the collar 24 and secured to the nozzle by means of aset-screw 29, which admits of adjustment of the position of the sleeve28. Studs 30 project from the sleeve28, having rollers 31 mountedthereon, said rollers being arranged to travel along the cams 25 of thecollar 24 as said collar has rotary movement imparted thereto. Extendingfrom the collar 24 is an arm 32, whereby said collar is actuated. A boss33 projects upwardly from the casing 1 near an end thereof, preferably,and said boss has alever 34 pivoted thereto at a point between its endsby a screw 35 or otherwise. A- link 36 is connected at one end' with theouter end of the arm 3 2, the opposite end of the lilik being connectedwith an adjacent inner portion of the lever ,34, The link 36 isvprovided with a plurality of openings a at one end portion, and thelever 34 is formed with a plurality of openings b along a part thereof,the several openings a and b permitting of adjustment of the connectionsbetween the link 36 and the members 32 and 34, so as to vary or effectthe degree of movement required to be limparted to the member 32 bymeans of the connection between saidy mem-ber and the vle- 4ver 34. Aspring 37 ,suitably attached to the casing 1 yengaging the lever 34, isarranged to hold said lever in a normal position, -as-well member 39lbeing .designed to impart movement to thelever 34, the arm 22,-and theseveral parts connected therewith.

The member '.39 is 'A connected with the means by which the carburetermechanism is operated, and it will be noted that upony actu-v ation ofthe member 39 in the direction ofthe arrow (see Fig. 2) the arm 22 andthe lever 34 will bemoved, the member 22 opening the valve -5, and theconnection- 36 between the lever 34 and the arm 32 will simultaneouslyimpart rotary movement to the collar 24, whereupon the rollers 31willride-upa cer- -tain'distance on the cam 25, Aand since the sleeve 28 issecured to the nozzle 12 I,it will be seen. that said nozzle will beraised a certain distance. When the nozzle 12 is raised by the actuationof the collar 24, the gasoleneinlet 14 will be opened upon the chamber13, and the gasolene will discharge into said' chamber and comminglewith the air entering the same as the valve 5 is opened. Y Theconstruction of the valve, the provision Aoi the adjustable members 21and 28, and the arrangement of the connection36 give rise to immenseadvantage in securing accurate adjustment of the several parts of thecarbureter to vary the quantities of the fluids to be mixed, so that theoperation of the mechanism may be determined to a nicety. The variousadjustments are not described; but to instance certain oi 'these it willbe a ppare'nt that by connecting the inner extremity oi' the link36|with the lever 34 at the innermost of the openings b, the outerextremity of the link at its outermost opening a being connected withthe outer extremity oi" the arm 32, as shown, actuatipn of the lever 34will IIO mum movement of the farm 3'2 and' collar 24' will be but afraction ofthe maximum'niove- `ment made by thefar1n`22fand valve 15b`In other jwords, the assem'blance of` fthe par-ts as in' Fig. 2 willcause the valve means firjthe 'fuel-inlet -to be opened to a 'maximum asthe valve 5 is openedto its greatest extent.4 Connect thel link 36 atitsv innermost opening a with the outer extremity of the arm 32 andconnect the inner extremity of said link with the lever 34'atthe'outermost opening l) and the maximum -movement of the" arm 32 andcollar 24Will equal the Imaximum of the arm 22 and'valve 5 that is','ifthe movement and rotation, for instance, of arm 22 and valve 5 be ninetydegrees the movement' and rotation of the arm 32 andcollar 24 will alsobe ninety degrees, and it will be obvious that various ratios ofmovement of the nozzle 1'2- so disposed as vto entirely cut olf theinlet 3, as shownin F ig. l of the drawings, that the port 6inthis'instance is still partially opened munication between 'this inletand the mixing-chamberl3 and inlet.4, and the position of the-rorts ofthe valve-With referenceto the inlets in ythe casing l. may be varied byadjustment of the ring 21', having arm 22 'pros' jecting therefrom.

The form of the valve 5, wherein the same is provided With a pluralityof ports 6 and 7, aords important advantages Withregard to theadinixture of the hydrocarbon and air in the mixing-chamber of thecasing. The variation' in the size ofthe ports 6 and 7 is such thatsuction or non-suction are obtainable in thenixing-chamber for governingthe feed of the gasolene or hydrocarbon from the nozzle 12in thepracticaluse of the invention. i' For instance,it is Well known thatgravity-feed carbureters do not depend necessarily on the suction'ordravT ofthe piston of the engine connectedwith the carbureter, to insurepro er operation thereof, the hydrocarbon d isc arging by gravity' intothe mixingchamber preparatery,to being conveyed to the cylinder of themotor.- In float-feed carbureters o'r thel like, however, the suctionaleffectof the piston of the motor is relied upon to .draw or, suck thehydrocarbon from the hydrocarbon-inlet into the mixing-chamber forcornmingling with the air charge as it is drawn into the engine. such asembodied in this invention is supplied' With hydrocarbon bygravity-feed, theport 3 of the casing 1 may be connected with theengineeylinder, the port 4 closed by 'a suitable plug or the like,andthe port 2 depended-upon as the air-inlet for the mixing- When a.carbureter chamber of the carburetor. Thus when thi valve 5 is turned tothe right (sce Fig. 1)'the v port 6 will belcaused to register ithihc-port 2 and the port 7 will be caused to register with the'port 3. Thevalve-port 7 being smaller than the port 6, however, the draw effectedbythe piston in the engine-cylinder lthrough thev port 3 will not tend tocreate af n vacuum i'n the mixingechamber sullicient to cause suction onthe gasolene-inlet, for the reason that freer passage through thc port,6 is afforded for the air than through the port 7^, due to the fact thatthe area of the air-inlet ofthe mixing-chamber is larger than that ofthe outlet to the engine-cylinder. An opposite condition is createdwhenV the port 2 is connected with the engine-cylinder While the port 3is left open to admit the air. In this instance actuation of the valve5,' turning same to the right', 'will cause registration of the severalports in such a Way that theair' supplied to the mixing-chamberthrouglnthe port 7 is not siflicient to supply the passage to thecylinder .Without tending to create such a vacuum in the mixing-chamberas, to exert suction on the gasolene-inlet to an extent Whichwillmaterially affect the feeding ofthe i gasolene from said inlet to thesaid vmixing- With reference to the inlet 2, establishing comchamber.This suction on the gasolene-inlet is desirable and necessary When theaction `of the carbureter is dependent upon a float-feed, ashereinbefore mentioned. y

The arrangement of the ports 6 and 7 is peculiar and is essential insecuring thefbest results, so far as the suction and non-suction featureof the invention is concerned. The action of the air-valve is shownsomewhat in Fig. 1, wherein it will be noted that the port 6 shownin'Fig. 1 Will cause registration of portA 7 with port' 3; 'butI thearea of the registering portions of ports 6 and 2 Will be greater thanthe area of the registering portions of the ports 7 and 3, and thedifferential area will be 4proportionate throughout the movement of thevalve 5 until the ports 6 and 7 are ifi full registration with the ports3 and 2. The in terchangeability of the ports 6 and 7 With regard to theports 2 and 3, Whichever may be used as the inlet-port of the casing,governs the suction and non-suction von the hydrocarbon-inlet'nozzle. y4

lt is obvious that When it is' not desired to create a vsuction on thegasolene-inlet both the ports 4 and 2 may be left open, so that the areaof the inlets for the air relative to the area o'f the outlet to theengine-cylinder Will be such as to obviate likelihoodof and ull beingcreated on the gasolene-inlet. t is ILO vnot neeessarvif, liovvever, tochange the con-- neetion on engine of the carbureter to secure a changefrom the suction to the non-suction feature, 4or vice versa, since bymerely unsetting the screw A23 and giving the air-valve a half-turnincither direotion'and thereupon resetting screw 23 vWill bringandsecure the ports 6 and 7 to a position the opposite of What they werebefore.

f The preferred construction of the devicel .embodying the invention isillustrated and described hereinbefore; but various n'on-'essentialdetails may be changed and'departd from` Within the broadercontemplation of the my en'tion.

A 'special advantageous feature of the n- 4 vention resides' in themanner of connecting theilever 3 4, the several arms which ac-t'uate thecam-collar andthe air-valve, and adja-l cent' and contiguous parts, theconnect-ions admitting of removal of these parts ent-ireas soon as thepivotof the leverB/l and lastening holding-plate 1S are dis'ilaced. movethe .air-valve and the elementsmounted thereon and formed and connectedtherewith out of-the containing casing, it is only necessary to releasethe plate and lever pivotally secured at the upper portion of thecasing, and said valve, with embrace-d mountingsnnay be bodilylittedfroni'the casing in a ianiier readily apparent. The above facilijtatesattachment. and detachment ol the parts, reducing the coni'ilications'of the structure materiallv.

Having thus. described the invention, what is claimed as new isl. ln acarburetor, the combination of a casing, an air-valve therein, a.fuel-inlet nozzie, a needle-valve carried by the air-valve to close.the nozzle, and means for simultaneously actuating the air-valve'andmovingthe nozzle.

2. ln a ,caibureten the combination ot a casing, a hollow air-valvearranged therein, a 'fuel-inlet nozzle eiitenfling into the air-valve,

-a needle-valve arranged in the air-valve, and

, casing, a hollow air-xf'alve mounted therein, a- -iuel-inlet nozzleextendingr into the hollow portion' oi' the air-valve, a needle-valveco- 'To resazoee acting Withthe nozzle and adapted .to close 'the Same,a spring engaging at one end with the air-'valve and bearnip,` againstthe nozzle y ously actuating the air-valve and moving the nozzle.

5. Ina earburetenfthe combination of a casing, air and fuel inletstherefor, a hollow air-valve, fuel-inlet-valve.means including a.lengitudinally-inovable mei'nber extending into the hollow portionlvol" the air-valve, a spriiifr coat-,ting 'with said.longitudii-iallymovaile member, actuating means for the air-valve, andAa earn member' operable bv said actuating means and coaet'inflr Withthe longitudinally-niovable member' a. oresaid to aetuate the samesimultaneously withthe airvalve and ope-rate the fuel-inlet-valve means.l

G. In a carbureter, the eombination ot' a easing. an air-valve mountedtherein, fuel-inlet-valve means including a needle-valveand aloiigfiludinally-niovable inlet-nozzle coacting therewith, siringineens' for normally holding the nozzle in a predetermined position,actuating inea-ns tor the air-v alve, and a cam member movable bytheactua-ting means for the air-valve and ceac-ting with the nozzle to varythe position thereof relative to the needle-valve.

7. ln a carbureter, the combination of a casing, an air-valve arrangedtherein, a fuelinlet nozzle, aiieedle-valve carried by the -air- Va-lveand coactini;- with the nozzle, a sprayer mounted on the needle-valve,and means lor simultz'meously actua-ting the air-valve and movingr thenozzle.V

S. ln a carbureter, the combination of a casing, an air-valve, fuel-inlet-viilve means embodyinin a. relatively movable needlevalve andnozzle, means l or actuatingr the airvalve, inea-iis inclu ding meansoperable simul- IOO tancouslj,v u ith the air-valve `tor varying therelative positions ot the nozzle and needle- 'valve aforesaid, and a-.springT bearing against the air-valve and the nozzle and normallytending to ho'ld the nozzle in such a position that the needle-valvecloses the mouth thereof.

9. In a carbureter, the combination of a easing, an air-valvecomprising,r a tubular body forming; a mixing-chamber,fuel-inletvalvemeans embodying a needle-valve adjustably mounted on theair-valve and a nozzle coact-ing with thefneedle-valve and normallyclosed thereby, said nozzle extending into the body ot the air-valve andforming a fuel-inlet, rollers attached to the nozzle, a collar providedwith cams arranged to coaet with the rollers aforesaid, and means forsimultaneously actuating the air-valve and the cani-collar aforesaid`for the purpose specilied.

1C). In a carbureter, the combination of a- IIO casing, an. air-valve1`comprising a tubular body forming 'ainixing-chamber,fuel-inletvalveineans embodying a needle-,valve adjustablymountedon, theair-valve, a nozzle coacting with the needle-valve andnormallyf closedthereby, said nozzle extending into.

the bodyr'of the`air-valve` and forming a fuelinlet, rollersattachedtolthe nozzle, a col- 'withl'th'ei.'rollersl aforesaid, means yforsimultaneously actuating the air-valve and the camcollaraforesaid forthe purposes ecified, a

erably connected with-.the arm of lthe airdetachable .sprayer mounted ont e needle- `lvalve adjacent the mouth of the nozzle, and avspringsurroundingthe nozzle andbearing at one end against the air-valveand at its opposite endagainst the nozzle to normally hold the lattenclosed.

11. In a carbureter, thecombination of a casing, an air-valve comprisinga' tubular body forming a mixing-chamber, fuel-inletvave meanslembodying a needle-valve ad-f justably mounted on the air-valve,'anozzle coacting with the needle-valve and normally closed thereby, saidnozzle extending into the'body of the air-valve and forming a fuelinlet,rollers attached to the nozzle, ,a collar provided with cams arranged tocoact with the rollers aforesaid, means for simultaneously actuating theair-valve and the camcollar aforesaid for the purposer specied, yandmeans for adjusting the position of the camcollar.

12. In a carbureter, the combination of a casing, a rotatable air-valvemounted therein and comprising a hollow body forming a mixing-chamber, afuel-inlet nozzle leading into the mixing-chamber and Ymovablelongitudinally` of the axisof the air-valve, a needle'- valve mounted onthe air-valve and adapted to normally close the nozzle, aforesaid, meansfdr adjusting the osition of the needle-valve, an arm adjustab yattached-to the air-valve for actuation thereof, a collat surroundingthe nozzle and-provided with cams, a sleeve attached to the nozzle andhaving wheels adapted to ride along the cams of the collar, and meansfor actuating the cam-collar opvalve for causing simultaneous movement'ofl the air-valve and thecam-collar.

13. In a carbureter, the combination of a casing, a rotatable air-valvemounted therein and comprising a hollow body forming a mixing-chamber, afuel-inlet nozzle leading into the mixing-chamber andmovablelongitudinally of the axis ofthe air-valve, a needlevalve mounted o nthe air-valve and adapted tonormally close the nozzle aforesaid, means6o' for adjusting the osition of the needlevalve an arm adjustab yattached to the air-valve foi-'actuation thereof, a collar surroundingthe nozzle and provided with cams, a sleeve attached to the nozzle andhaving Wheels adanted to ride along the cams of the collar,

andmeans adjustably connecting the arm .of the air-,valve with thecam-collar whereby .the`l` air-,valve and collar willbe simultaneouslyactuated to effect opening of the nozzle when the air-valve is open.

14., In a carbureter, the combination of a casing, ajhollow air-valvemounted in they casing and having a pluralityofair-ports, a

gasolene-inletjnzzle through a. side'of the air-valve to the interiorthereof, a needleactuated. Y 15.- In a, carbureter, the combination of acasing having air-inlet, mixture-outlet7 and hydrocarbon-inlet ports, anair-valve arranged m said casing-and of hollow formation to constitute amixing-chamber, said valve .j having a plurality of ports to govern theports of the casing, and means for adjusting the Avalve Without removingthe same, whereby suction 'or non-suction with reference to the.hydrocarbon-inlet are obtainable inthe mixing-chamber. i 16. In acarbureter, the combination of a casing employing a mixing-chamber, ahydrocarbon-inlet therefor, air and mixtureoutlet ports for themixing-chamber, an airvalve mounted in the casing and provided IOO withports to register with those of the mixingchamber, means for'operatingthe air-valve, and means for adjusting said air-valve in the casing tevary the position thereof with referencer to the air-inlet andmixture-outlet ports/y thereof whereby suction or non-suction on thehydrocarbon-inlet are obtainable in the mixing-chamber.

17. In a carbureter, the combination of a casing embodying amixing-chamber, a hydrocarbon-inlet'therefor, air-inlet and mix-Ature-outlet ports for the mixing-chamber, an air-valve mounted vin thecaslng and pro- -vided with ports of different sizes to govern andregister with the air-inlet and mixtureoutlet ports of themixing-chamber, .means for actuating the air'- valve, and means foradjusting said air-valve toCOrrespOndmgIy Vacljust its ports withreference to the air-inlet IIO and mixture-outlet ports aforesaid tosecure suction or non-suction on the hydrocarbonv inlet according vtothat e of feed fuse d.

18. In a carbureter, t e combination of a casing, a-rotatable hollowair-valve,mounted in the casingv and comprising a -mixing-'chamber,fuel-valve means for supplying the ymixing-ch amber embodying alongitudinally-slidin nozzle mounted ooaxially with the air- 20. In aearbureter, the combination of a va ve, a needle-valve coaetlng withsald nozl easing' embodying a mrxlng-chamber havin;r

zle, and means for actuating the air-Valve and nozzle. y 19. In aearbureter7 the combination of a casing, a rotatable hollowair-valvemounted 1n the easing and comprising a uniting-chamber, fuel-valve meansfor supplying the mixing lchamber embodying a longitl'ldinally-hlsliding nozzle mounted ooa-Xially with the air-valve,a needle-valveeoaeting with said nozzle, a/bam-oollar surrounding the nozzle andattached to the air-valve so as to move therewith, parts projecting fromthe `nozzle to engage the cam-collar whereby actuation may be impartedt'oth'e'nozzle, a. spring'for holding tbe'nozzle in a predetermined-position, and lever mechanism for operating the air-valve and collarapplied'thereto to simultaneously move the nozzle and said airvalve.

a hydrocarbon-'inlet andprovidodnith airinletand mixture-'outlet port-sleadingto .said chamber, and an air-valve mounted in the easing provided with ports adapted to govern the air-inlet andrnixture-outlet ortsof, tluA casing and interchangeable witl reference thereto, the ports ofthe air-valve being so arranged relativelyto each other as to effect avariation between the effective areas of the air-inlet andmixture-outlet ports and thereby secure aeondition of suction orInon-suction on the hydrocarbon-inlet.

In testimony whereof -I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

. WILLIAM W. GRANT. [1.. s.)

Witnesses:

HUBERT F. I nLn, JAMES MCINTYRE.

